Renal cysts can be divided into simple renal cysts, congenital polycystic kidney disease and congenital multiple renal cysts.
Patients usually do not have any symptoms, only discovered by B-ultrasound kidney on the long one or a few cysts. A small number of people who can grow the number of cysts, bilateral cysts are rare. The cyst walls were very thin, capsule with a yellow liquid in order to clarify the cysts are mostly the size of a walnut.
The root cause of renal cysts is not very clear, generally believed to belong to the kidney degeneration, and thus the incidence for the elderly. Small cysts do not cause any symptoms. Recently, because of the extensive development of B-ultrasound, renal cysts also increased
Diagnosis of renal cysts
Reliable diagnosis methods for renal cysts include X-ray angiography, renal B-ultrasonography, radionuclide scanning and CT examination. Renal cysts, urinary tract X-ray contrast may be seen to the renal pelvis, calyxes’ compressive deformation, but the edge is smooth, non-destructive. Renal cysts are not tumors, but can easily be confused with tumor, the identification of renal cysts and renal malignancies are very important. Distinguish between the two methods can be used renal tomography or renal arteriography. Renal tomography, the image of the cyst site shallow and deep tumor imaging; renal arteriography, cyst sparse parts of the vascular contrast agent concentration, renal malignancy because of vascular contrast agent uptake. Suspected cyst malignant transformation, cyst puncture, out of the cyst fluid routine examination and cytology; to the injection of contrast medium within the cyst, check the wall with or without tumor. B-mode ultrasound and CT are very easy to distinguish renal cysts and renal tumors, therefore, a very good way to check.
Treatment of renal cysts
The current level of medical effects of the treatment of renal cysts. For small renal cysts, the symptoms do not need to do any treatment, but should be regularly reviewed to observe the cyst continues to increase. Those who are asymptomatic should be regular urine tests, including urine, urine culture, a kidney function tests every six months to a year, including the endogenous creatinine clearance rate. As the infection is an important cause of the deterioration of the disease, so if not necessary, do not carry out the examination of urinary tract trauma. The role of renal cyst puncture, not only susceptible to infection, easy to relapse, and after long-term observation, the surgery can not delay the occurrence of renal damage. Surgical excision of the cyst is not an easy task, because the cysts of the kidney surface can be cut off, but cut off buried deep in the kidneys of the cyst is quite difficult. Larger tumor and may be malignant, surgical exploration, if confirmed as benign cysts, renal surface of the cyst walls, continuous suture of the edge of the gut and renal residual wall coated with iodine.
If one kidney is damages while the kidney function is normal, nephrectomy can be done to remove the necrotic kidney.
