2012年10月23日星期二

What does High Level of Creatinine and Urea Nitrogen Mean


BUN (blood urea nitrogen) is an indication of renal health. Normal ranges 2.5-6.5mmol/L. If Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and blood volume decrease (hypovolemia) then BUN will increase.
A high BUN value can mean kidney injury or disease is present. Kidney damage can be caused by diabetes or high blood pressure that directly affects the kidneys. High BUN levels can also be caused by blockage of the urinary tract (by a kidney stone or tumor) or low blood flow to the kidneys caused by dehydrationor heart failure.
Many medicines may cause a high BUN. Be sure to tell your doctor about all the nonprescription and prescription medicines you take.
A high BUN value may be caused by a high-protein diet, Addison's disease, tissue damage (such as from severe burns), or from bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.
High BUN-to-creatinine ratios occur with sudden (acute) kidney failure, which may be caused by shock or severe dehydration. A blockage in the urinary tract (such as a kidney stone) can cause a high BUN-to-creatinine ratio. A very high BUN-to-creatinine ratio may be caused by bleeding in the digestive tract or respiratory tract.
Creatinine is a break-down product of creatine phosphate in muscle, and is usually produced at a fairly constant rate by the body (depending on muscle mass).
Because creatinine is excreted by the kidneys, its level in the blood is considered an indicator of kidney health. When the kidneys are functioning normally, the blood creatinine level is relatively constant day to day, though minor increases can occur after a high-protein meal
Any disease that affects the filtration process of the kidneys will tend to raise serum creatinine levels over time. Doubling of serum creatinine levels is indicative of a 50 percent reduction in the filtration rate of the kidneys. Diseases linked to increased creatinine levels include glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, diabetic nephropathy and conditions such as shock and congestive heart failure that reduce blood flow through the kidneys.

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